During this term, we have discussed the theoretical origins of government from several distinct but related perspectives: the classical tradition (e.g., Plato) and the modern tradition (e.g., Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke). We have also examined several critiques of both traditions (e.g., Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx). Lastly, we have stepped outside of the Western tradition to examine Eastern traditions (e.g., the Bhagavad Gita).
This examination is your opportunity to synthesize your thoughts on the readings, and elaborate on the issues we have discussed in class. The questions are worded broadly, allowing allow you to choose the points you wish to emphasize. Be as thorough as you are able, address the most relevant points of each question, and be sure to stick to the point. You should refer to the relevant texts, and show how each reference is relevant to your discussion and how it advances the point.
Answer all four questions. As a benchmark, your answers should be no more than THREE typed, double-spaced and well-considered paragraphs. This assignment is due in my office no later than November 20, 2009 at 2:00pm.
1. All political philosophers use an analysis of human nature as one of the fundamentals of their political theory. Machiavelli and Plato are no different. Explain both authors’ view of human nature and how this view of human nature expresses itself in their recommendations for the best political regime.
2. Locke and Rousseau: What is the standard of “good” or “legitimate” government?
3. Marx: What are the social consequences of “estranged labor?”
4. Explain the duality of purusha and prakriti. How does Krishna’s revelation of self in Chapter 11 demonstrate both?