|
History 102: The Industrial Revolution Why Britain? Why then? Causes of the Industrial Revolution in Britain
2.
Natural conditions favorable ·
Coal ·
Iron
·
Waterways 3.
Agricultural Revolution, 1700-1800 ·
Jethro Tull,
1674-1741 o
First Modern Farmer o
Invented seed drill o
Seed Drill ·
Enclosures
·
Crop rotation
system ·
Improvement became
the goal Led
to: ·
More efficient food
production ·
Cheaper food ·
More disposable
income ·
Less workers needed
in rural areas 4. Political conditions ·
Constitutional
Monarchy ·
Relative Stability ·
Economic growth
5.
Legal conditions ·
No internal tarrifs ·
Patent law
encouraged invention 6.
Financial Conditions ·
Effective central
bank (1694) ·
well-develop credit
markets ·
Plenty of capital 7.
Proto-industry ·
Putting-out system
or cottage industry ·
Division of labor 8.
Major technological advances ·
Cotton is king! o
1760s - James
Hargreaves invented Spinning Jenny o
1760s - Richard
Arkwright invented Water Frame o
1779 - Samuel
Crompton invented the Spinning Mule ·
1770s: Arkwright
also developed the Factory System: o
One roof
o
Central source of
power o
Division of Labor 8. Major
technological advances (contd.) ·
Steam Power: o
1698: Thomas Savery
invented a steam engine o
1712: Thomas
Newcomen invented a steam engine o
1765: James Watt
greatly improved Newcomen engine o
1820s: Railroads:
George Stephenson’s Rocket |