• Video Glossary
• Sources and Examples

AnalogVideo that is stored as a stream of varying signal  strengths on tape used by VHS, VHS-C, 8mm, and Hi-8  camcorders.

CaptureVideo imported from a camcorder to a PC for editing.

CCDCharge-coupled device--a chip that converts light into  electrical signals, analogous to the eye's retina.

Clip A segment of captured video. Individual clips can be  assembled into a finished movie.

Codec Short for compressor/decompressor. A protocol dictating  how to compress video (for convenient storage and editing) and  decompress it for writing back to tape.

Composite video An analog video format with all information  encoded into a single signal.

Digital Video Video stored in a binary (computer) format.

Digitize Video converted from an analog source into digital  format.

Dissolve A video effect in which one scene fades out while  another fades in.

DV Abbreviation for Digital Video. DV camcorders store video in  binary code (ones and zeros) instead of varying analog signal  strengths.

Frame A single still image of video. Showing frames in succession  gives the illusion of movement.

HI-8A high-quality 8mm analog camcorder format that produces  400 lines of resolution.

H.323 International video conferencing standard with wide support. Developed in the communications industry and allows for point to point [users dial up other users as you would for a telephone call] and multipoint video conferencing [participants connect to a common address at a MCU, multipoint control unit which reflects all video streams in a ìHollywood Squaresî style].

IEEE 1394 A high-speed serial interface (also known by brand  names FireWire and I.Link) for copying digital video to a PC and  back to the camcorder after editing.

Lossless compression Compression that doesn't discard data,  thereby preserving the original quality. DV is an example.

Lossy compression Compression A compression method that discards some of the data  in a video to minimize the storage space required thus loosing some quality in the process. M-JPEG is an  example.

MBone Tools A collection of video and audio applications that use Internet protocol multicast to share content with participants [uses H.323 standards generating approximately 400 kbs of data traffic.

MPEG A family of standards for encoding audio and video.

•  MPEG-1 Less the VCR quality (1.5 to 3 Mpbs), often used for streaming video
•  MPEG-2 Broadcast quality (5 to 30 Mpbs) often used for video conferencing on Internet2
•  MPEG-4 A new standard with a wideod quality and data transfer rates. Initial commercial focus is video on demand streaming at higher then MPEG-1 rate but 300-400 kbs
•  MPEG-7 Emerging architectures that include indexing approach compared to content-encoding standard

Rendering Combining all the elements of an edited video into a  format for writing to tape or other media.

Streaming Video Clients can watch and hear previously stored video. Not very sensitive to packet loss, can request resending. Wide range of encoding options and data rates from 28.8 kbs to mor then 200 Mbps for high-definition TV (examples at http://adcritic.com/). Streaming video services are available as Ouicktime (Apple), Windows Media (Microsoft), VideoCharger (IBM), IP/TV (Cisco) and RealPlayer (RealNetworks).

S-Video A video signal used by Hi-8 camcorders, in which the  luminance (brightness) and chrominance (color) information are  separated. Most DV camcorders also offer S-Video connections.

Time code The date, time, and frame information embedded in  DV recordings; it can be read by editing software to break up  clips.

Videoconferencing Participants confer, audio and/or video in a synchronous format, very sensitive to packet loss requiring real time encoding

Videos: Keep subjects, scenes moving -- and the camera steady": Tips on making a Video ",  Michael Dougan, San Frrancisco Chronicle 7/1/01

Move Over Spielberg: Lots of Info on Creating a Movie at PC World.com

Experts help you bring it home Travel photos: Follow the light, keep it simple and use trash can: Tips on digital photos at San Francisco Chronicle 7/1/01

Internet 2: An advanced internet backbone used by educators and researchers used o test and use advanced internet applications that require wider bandwidth. (Educom 6/01)
Glossary

AdCritic Current and past TV and Movie adds. Excellent examples of quility fast moving videos.

Video cookbook: Educational experiences and reccomendations of early university users of digital video compiled at the University of Tennissee.(Educom 6/01)

Megaconference: Videoconferencing effort at Ohio State University with particiapation by large number of universities.(Educom 6/01)

Remote Instriment Observation Example of long distance remote control of scientific instrimentants.(Educom 6/01)

Streaming Video example from University of Washington that provides on demand video of university developed content.(Educom 6/01)

Digital Video Projects at Northwestern University including archived and live from C-SPAN's commercial internet link.  (Educom 6/01)

Visual History Foundation efforts at making 50,000 Holocaust survivor interviews available over Internet2 (approxiamtely 250,000 hors of MPEG-1 video). (Educom 6/01)

Virtual Rooms video conferencing system (VRVS) from CIT and CERN that supports collobration on high energy physics projects. (Educom 6/01)

Access Grid provides for formal and informal collaboration between national and international institutions ( amodest event could generate over 20 Mpbs of traffic overloading current routers). (Educom 6/01)