| Parent names are given for saturated acyclic hydrocarbons based on n, the total number of carbon atoms in the longest chain.
| n |
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n |
1 Methane
2 Ethane
3 Propane
4 Butane
5 Pentane
6 Hexane
7 Heptane
8 Octane
9 Nonane
10 Decane
11 Undecane
12 Dodecane
13 Tridecane
14 Tetradecane
15 Pentadecane
16 Hexadecane
17 Heptadecane
18 Octadecane
19 Nonadecane
20 Icosane
21 Henicosane |
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22 Docosane
23 Tricosane
24 Tetracosane
25 Pentacosane
26 Hexacosane
27 Heptacosane
28 Octacosane
29 Nonacosane
30 Triacontane
31 Hentriacontane
32 Dotriacontane
33 Tritriacontane
40 Tetracontane
50 Pentacontane
60 Hexacontane
70 Heptacontane
80 Octacontane
90 Nonacontane
100 Hectane
132 Dotriacontahectane
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Consider the longest chain that contains the principal functional group.
The suffix (-ane) is modified to denote principal functional group contained within the main chain. The modifications are made:
1) according to the principal functional group: -ane becomes -an-(suffix)
and
2) in accordance with unsaturation
- double bonds: -ane becomes -ene, -adiene, -atriene, etc.
- triple bonds: -ane becomes -yne, -adiyne, -atriyne, etc.
- locants are used to identify the position(s) of unsaturation
Thus, CH2=CH-CO2H would be called propenoic acid.
- Start with propane because it has 3 carbons,
- ane becomes anoic acid because of the carboxylic acid
- and anoic becomes enoic because of the double bond.
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